Goodbye High School and Hello Future

May was a hectic month full of assignments. I worked on completed my final presentation and practicing what I would say. I spread out my work so I wouldn't be up late the night before trying to figure out what I should add into my presentation. I did slides on one answer at a time and the week of my presentation I just made sure everything was ready to go and if I would make time and meet all the requirements to insure I received a passing grade. Once I finished my presentation I was relieved of so much stress and could begin focusing on other aspects of life such as my young scholars class and evening presentations.
Once I graduate I will be attending Cal Poly Pomona's College of Engineering in the fall and hope to meet many new people and form connections throughout college. I'm kind of nervous of going into the "real world" but I know it will go well if I stay on task and continue putting school first and I'll see where I end up in 10 years from now.

Senior Project Reflection

(1) Positive Statement 
What are you most proud of in your Block Presentation and/or your senior topic? Why?
     There are many things that I am proud of from my block presentation, the main thing I am most proud of is that I made the 30 minute talking time. I was terrified that I was going to forget many important things while I was presenting which would shorten my speaking time but I remembered to say the majority of what I had planned and met the speaking time. Another thing I am proud of is that my audience did participate during my activity and were asking me questions. It made me feel like I made my presentation educational and fun during the activity.

(2) Questions to Consider
a.  What assessment would you give yourself on your Block Presentation (self-assessment)?

AE     P     AP     CR     NC

b.   What assessment would you give yourself on your overall senior project (self-assessment)?

AE    P     AP     CR     NC

(3) What worked for you in your senior project?
   The research checks worked for me. They really came into great use for my presentation by increasing my knowledge of my answers. Another thing that worked for me was mentorship. I did over the amount of hours required which really helped me for a bond with my mentor and learn a lot through experience with the patients.

(4) (What didn't work) If you had a time machine, what would have you done differently to improve your senior project if you could go back in time?
     I would of worked on assignments when they were first assigned so I could have a better final product. I could have possibly ended up with an AE on my senior project.

(5) Finding Value
How has the senior project been helpful to you in your future endeavors? Be specific and use examples.
    The senior project has helped me with future research I will have to conduct while in college. I now know where to search for reliable research and what I should be looking for in a good quality research article or book.  Through senior project I also learned that physical therapy isn't the right occupation for me. Going to mentorship twice a week and doing additional hours helped me experience the work area and the occupation. I was interested on studying to become a physical therapist but through mentorship I began to get bored of the repetitive work. I have decided to go into the engineering field instead.

Blog 21

Literal:

Emily Sevilla, (909) 664-3835

Interpretive:

What is the most important thing you gained from this experience? Why?

The most important thing I gained with this experience was the ability to work and communicate with the patients. I learned what the patients where recovering from and that without any communication a physical therapist really can't help them get better.  

Applied:

How has what you've done helped answer your EQ?
My mentorship has helped me answer my essential question because I got to see how each patient that my mentor worked with recovered over their treatment period. My mentor Emily Sevilla always explained to me what she was doing with the patient and why it is beneficial to their recovery. For instance she would go into detail of an exercise she was having the patient do and telling me how it was working specific muscle and why those muscles are needed to recover. Being able to see the patients recover over time showed me that the exercises that are put into the treatment played a great part which lead to being my best answer.   

April Fun

Going into mentorship this month was very difficult for me to do. I had many different things to worry about and direct my focus towards since I've long completed my 50 required hours. I cut down to only going in once a week from going twice a week. I've had more time to catch up on other things but have felt that I'm missing out on a lot since I no longer go twice.
The times I've gone have been very educational and exciting. I've gotten the hang of the place and my mentor has noticed I've caught on to terms.My mentor, Emily Sevilla, has allowed me to do more hands on with the patients. She'll tell me what exercises I should do with them and I get to work with the patient while she supervises me. Of course she only allows me to do so with certain patients which she knows I can handle. Its been great gaining trust and building confidence in the environment.

Blog 20: Exit Interview

Content:

(1) What is your essential question and answers? What is your best answer and why?

My essential question is, "How can a physical therapist best help a patient with a leg injury recover." My first answer is that the exercises chosen by the physical therapist should strengthen weakened muscles. My second answer is in order for the physical therapist to help a patient recover from a leg injury is by using modalities to promote healing. My third answer is that there should be constant assessments and documentation of the progress. My best answer is that physical therapist should choose the appropriate exercises to strength weakened muscles. According to Jennifer E Stevens-Lapsley and fellow researchers, in an article called “Early Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Improve Quadriceps Muscle Strength after Total Knee Arthoplasty” saw that in one month after total knee replacement there is a 50% to 60% quadriceps muscle strength decrease. After every sort of injury patients lose muscle strength and have to regain it in order to accomplish full recovery. My mentor, Emily Sevilla, a physical therapist for thirty years told me that the muscles have to regain their strength or else it could lead to even more problems since all the muscles in our body work together to complete an action. My second answer wasn't my best answer because if a physical therapist is only using modailities to promote healing but not doing any exercises after there wouldn't be any improvement. My third answer wasn't my best answer because if the physical therapist is taking constant documentation and assessments of the patients treatments and progress but not doing the appropriate exercises there wouldn't be any improvement.

(2) What process did you take to arrive at this answer?

To arrive to my best answer I did my mentorship at Emeritus Senior Living with Emily Sevilla, a physical therapist for 30 years. I observed her work with her patients for the first couple of weeks when I began in August, since I couldn’t work hands on with the patients because I had no experience and Emily didn’t know whether I was trust worthy to work with patients. Within the first two months, I began to notice that she would have most of the patients do the same exercises for different types of injuries, so I began to research the benefits from the exercises the patients were doing. I found through my research that each exercise had a certain target group of muscles and saw patients improve throughout the duration of their treatment. Once I knew what muscles were being worked on I researched the purpose and function of that specific muscle. After four months of attending mentorship, Emily began allowing me to work hands on with the patients I have seen her work with. I would choose the exercises that the patient should do and she would ask me what the purpose for choosing that exercise was and what it working on. By May, I began to see the results that the exercises had on the patients. Patients that had trouble moving their legs on their own were walking and with little hesitation.  

(3) What problems did you face? How did you resolve them?

The first problem I came across was finding a place to do my mentorship. At the end of junior year I thought about doing my mentorship at the physical therapy facility I attended during my injury. I called and asked if it were possible to do my mentorship there and they told me they didn't let people volunteer since they are a small facility. I then began to look online for physical therapy facilities around my area and I had no luck with any of those locations. So I asked Mrs.Pittman if she knew any place I could do my mentorship and she connected me with Emily Sevilla from Emeritus Senior Living. Another problem I came across was finding quality research. At the beginning I found myself doing research on the occupation itself, which only consisted of the education needed to become a physical therapist and work space. I began to find better quality research by looking into exercises and muscles that were being worked on with patients at Emeritus. I also began to look on the Cal Poly database and PubMed which Ashley told me about.

(4) What are the two most significant sources you used to answer your essential question and why?

One significant source I used was a book by R G Cassens called Muscle Biology which helped me understand muscle contractions and how muscles work together. Another significant source that I used to answer my essential question was my mentor Emily Sevilla. Being able to observe her work with her patients and ask questions on what she was doing gave me a better understanding on how the body works and directed me in a better direction on what I should be researching.

Blog 19: Independent Component 2

Literal:
(a) Statement saying: "I, student name, affirm that I completed my independent component which represents 30 hours of work."
I, Jazmin Castro, affirm that I completed my independent component which represents 30 hours of work.
(b) Cite your source regarding who or what article or book helped you complete the independent component
I took my online class from saylor.org which is a free academy online. I saw and took notes on lectures given by a UC Berkeley, Professor Marian Diamond. There was also many readings from the Gray's Anatomy book by Harvey Gray and other readings by other others. Then there was assessments from McGraw-Hill's Online Learning Center.
(c)Provide a digital spreadsheet (aka log of the 30 hours). Post it next to your mentorship log.
It is located on the right hand side of my blog.
(d) Explanation of what you completed.
I completed a free online course of BIO302: Human Anatomy. It consisted of 12 units; introduction to anatomy, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, lymphatic system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, endocrine system, and the reproductive system.  Each unit consisted of lectures, assessments, interactive labs, and readings from the Gray's Anatomy book.

Interpretive
Defend your work and explain how the significant parts of your component and how it demonstrates 30 hours of work. Provide evidence (Photos, transcript, art work, videos, etc) of the 30 hours of work.
The significant part of taking the course was learning proper terms for the human body and how all of the systems work together to get a movement done. It  demonstrates more than 30 hours of work because I had to sit down and work for several hours in order to get through the readings, lectures, and assessments fro each unit. Each reading consisted of more than 40 pages, one of the readings was around 300 pages explaining every muscle through out the body and I had to go through it and write important notes on it. Most readings were around 300 pages because it was well detailed and explained every aspect that had to be known.

Cornell Notes on Unit 1: Introduction of Anatomy

Cornell Notes on Unit 3: Skeletal System

Cornell Notes on Unit 4: Muscular System

Interactive Lab 

Assessment on labeling

 Assessment on labeling the bone

Assessment on Labeling Lower Extremity Bones

Applied
How did the component help you answer your EQ? Please include specific examples to illustrate how it helped.
This component helped me answer my EQ by learning the human body and systems functions. I learned how movements are done by muscle contractions. I now have a foundation on how the human body works and know medical terms that will help with my EQ answers. Such as my first answer which consists of the physical therapist choosing the appropriate exercises to strengthen weakened muscles, now I know what muscles should be targeted to exercise and how it affects the entire area. Along with the muscles and bones that go along with the movement.

The Wonders of Athletic Tape

At the beginning of the month I was feeling discomfort on my foot when I would bend my toes downward. I thought I had probably stepped wrong while running, but the discomfort continued for almost two weeks so I decided to mention it to Emily Sevilla,  my mentor, a physical therapist for 30 years. I explained the pain I felt and she told me it was most likely the arc of my foot flattening out due to the lack of support in my running shoes. She then told me that taping the arc of my foot with athletic tape would help with supporting the arc and demonstrated how I should tape it. 

I did some research on my own about athletic taping and I found out that using athletic taping helps reduce the pain a person feels by building support. The taping doesn't let the joint or area extend all the way to the point where pain is felt and also reducing the rang of flection. Taping is done differently for each area that is being targeted.  

Athletic Tape 

Taping for the arch of the foot.

Taping for the knee.

Blog 18: Third Answer

EQ:

How can a physical therapist best help a patient with a leg injury recover?

Answer #3:

Having assessments and documentation of the progress a patient makes helps with the recovery.

3 Details to Support the Answer:

1.  The assessments show the progress a patient has done over a period of time, allowing the physical therapist determine if the treatment is beneficial.

2. The documentation is just the written down progress/treatment the patient has gone through, that can be referred to later.

3. The assessments can be done weekly, biweekly, or daily. It is up to the physical therapist to decide. At Emertius. the physical therapist write down the exercises they did, along with resistance, pain, and amount of help the patient needed every day they go into physical therapist and see the progress the patient has done.

The Research source(s)  to support your detail and answer:

• My third interview with Emily Sevilla, a physical therapist assistant for 30 years.
• My mentorship at Emeritus Senior Living, with Emily Sevilla, a physical therapist assistant for 30 years. 

Concluding Sentence:

The physical therapist doing assessments and documentation of the patient's progress is a great way for a physical therapist to help a patient with a leg injury.

Blog 17: Fourth Interview

1. How do you know if a patient is working to their fullest?
2. How do assessments help with the improvement in patients?
3. What are physical therapy modalities?
4. Which modality is best in your opinion and why?
5. How do you educate a patient on safety precautions?
6. How do safety precautions vary among patients? 
7. How can you get the most out of a patients participation?
8. Is there reasons why a modality couldn't be used on a patient?
9. Why are modalities used?
10. Does exercising until muscle fatigue help in strengthening? Why or why not?
11. How does using modalities help?
12. What can be done to see the best improvement in a patient?
13. Is there a quicker way to recover?
14. Can a modality make things worse?
15. What are different types of safety precautions a patient has to be aware of?
16. What is the most common modality used?
17. What is the effect of each modality?
18. Do patients benefit more by doing exercises sitting down or laying down?
19. How can a patient best benefit from an exercise?
20. Is there more benefit by doing big sets of exercise or small sets and many repetitions?

Walking on Different Surfaces

This month, we had a patient from the facility I do my mentorship at,  moving into the facility next door. The facility I do my mentorship at is more of a hospital format and the facility next door is an apartment format. Usually the patients from the facility I do my mentorship at go to the facility next door when they become more independent.

We were working with a patient who was about to move into the next door facility, until she was well enough to go back home. My mentor, Emily Sevilla, decided that going next door to the other facility and doing her physical therapy would help see how the patient would be able to move around with the new surroundings. We went to the 2nd floor and watched how she would do going up and done the elevator alone without any assistance. Then we went to some rooms, where Emily had the patient open and close the door to get in and out of the room with the walker. Emily showed her different techniques she could use to make it easier on herself. The walking and opening and closing the doors also helped with the patient's balance.

Lobby of the Facility next door

One of the rooms in the facility

Blog 16: Advisory Meeting #2

Content:

EQ:

How can a physical therapist best help a patient with a leg injury recover?

Answer #2:

In order for a physical therapist to help a patient recover from a leg injury is by using modalities.

3 Details to Support the Answer:

1. A patient who is having discomfort due to the injury or any recent injuries that have occurred can interfere with their physical therapy. Using modalities, helps the physical therapist work better with their patient and have them work to their full extent.

2. There are several types of modalities such as; cold packs, ultrasound,   TENS ( transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation), traction, light therapy , pain pills, heat, and hydrotherapy. All helping reducing pain.

3.  The modalities either affect the muscles, a nerve, the entire body, a joint, or a specific area on the leg. Such as using a cold pack on an aching muscle helps relieve the stress and tightness of the muscle causing the pain to go away.

The Research source (s) to support your details and answer:

• My third interview with my mentor, Emily Sevilla, at Emertius Senior Living. She brought up a good point on how making sure the patient wasn't having any discomfort helped with their treatments.
• My mentorship with Emily Sevilla, at Emertius Senior Living. I have seen her use heat, pain pills, and cold packs to get rid of discomfort in her patients.

Concluding Sentence:

In order for a physical therapist to help a patient recover from a leg injury, they have to use modalities to decrease the discomfort felt by the patient and get their fullest participation without minimal pain.

Blog 15: Independent Component 2 Approval

1. Describe in detail what you plan to do for your 30 hours.
I will be taking an online course of human anatomy for my 30 hours. I will be taking Cornell notes for each lecture and reading, there is 12 units in total with multiple lessons each.  There also is an assessment for each unit and some within lessons and activities which I will do too. For each unit there is an estimate for how long each should take and once added up its a little over 100 hours.

2. Discuss how or what you will do to meet the expectation of showing 30 hours of evidence.
I will have a link on the side of my blog with all the cornell notes I will take and pictures/screen shots of the assessments and provide the transcript of my final grade, if it is given.

3. And explain how what you will be doing will help you explore your topic in more depth.
This class will help me better understand the human body, helping me with understanding movement and how everything works together.

Blog 14: Independent Component 1

• Literal

         (a) I, Jazmin Castro, affirm that I completed my independent component which represents 30 hours of work
         (b) My mentor, Emily Sevilla, helped me complete my independent component by allowing me to volunteer with her for another additional 30 hours.
         (d) My independent component was simply to do an additional 30 hours of mentorship with my mentor, Emily Sevilla. Through my independent component I learned a lot about the muscles that make up the leg and the different types of exercises that help strengthen those muscles. I also was able to give a patient her entire treatment and saw the progress the patients have made over time.

• Interpretive

          

This is where I go every Tuesday and Thursday after I finish, to wait for my parents to pick me up.

This is the gym inside of Emeritus, where I spent most of my time working with the patients and cleaning.

These are steps they have inside the gym to have patients practice walking up and down the stairs.

This is a stepper, which helps patients with leg motion when they can not stand on their own.

These are the parallel bars which assist the patient when walking because they have support from the bars.

• Applied

          This component really helped understand the foundation of physical therapy by being around the work area and being able to see how patients do progress over time. My mentor, Emily Sevilla, gave me a lot of great information on muscle development and what the muscles intent is, for example the tibialis anterior which is a muscle located on the side of the shin, that assist on lifting your toes off the ground and being able to walk properly.With all the different explanations of muscle function my mentor has told me and explained to me has helped me a lot on my research checks because I have been doing research on the different things she has talked to me about.

Blog 13: Lesson 2 Reflection

Content
1. Positive Statement
What are you most proud of in your Lesson 2 Presentation and why?
The thing that I am most proud of from my Lesson 2 presentation is that I made time, because for my lesson 1 presentation I didn't make time and it hurt my senior project grade. When I speak in front of a large group of people I tend to talk really fast and skip over important information that I had planned to say, so being able to speak at a normal pace and making time is what I'm most proud about.

2.Questions to Consider
   a. What assessment would you give yourself on your Lesson 2 Presentation (self-assessment)?
                                AE       P       AP       CR       NC
    b.Explain why you deserve that grade using evidence from the Lesson 2 component contract.
I believe I deserve a P on my lesson 2 presentation because I was an effective communicator by keeping eye contact on my audience and maintained a good volume. I was also organized with my power point, activity, and lesson props. My power point was organized in a form that the exercises and information would flow, as well as my activity.    Throughout my answer I kept referring to research and my mentorship experience such as the example I gave with the tip my mentor gave me to memorize which muscle is the abductor and the adductor. My hook activity and activity both had the involvement of the entire audience because the case scenario had them work together and then discuss each one out to the class.

3. What worked for you in your Lesson 2?
Starting on my presentation early and practicing my presentation in front of my parents and friends really worked for me for my lesson 2. I got feedback from them when I practiced and was able to fix my errors such as speaking too fast.

4. (What didn't work) If you had a time machine, what would you have done differently to improve your Lesson 2?
What didn't work for me was that I had no enthusiasm throughout my presentation due to the fact that I was nervous and too focuses on making time.

5. Finding Value
What do you think your answer #2 going to be?
I think my answer #2 is having assessments every 2 weeks to track the patients progress.

Hands on Experience

When I began doing my mentorship at Emeritus at San Dimas I wasn't allowed to work hands on with the patients. The only thing I was allowed to do was observe and get any equipment that my mentor needed. Now, I am allowed to work hands on with the patients if they are okay with it and if the patient is almost at full recovery.
This month I had the opportunity to give a patient her full treatment. She was recovering from a fall and had lost strength in her legs. I had her do leg extensions with a 2 pound ankle weight, knee bends with a resistance band, ball squeezes, leg abductions,and toe taps. Each exercise was done in sets of ten and repeated three times. My mentor was watching over me and making sure everything was being done correctly. Being able to work with a patient hands on for her entire treatment made me apply everything my mentor has been teaching me since day one and showed I have learned a lot from all the hours I've done so far.

Blog 12: Third Interview Questions

Questions:

1. How can a physical therapist best help a patient with a leg injury recovery?
2. What type of leg injuries require more time for recovery?
3. How can a physical therapist best accommodate the patient's leg injury?
4. When a patient isn't allowed to put any weight on a leg due to the injury, how can a physical therapist assist them to strengthen the muscles?
5. Which leg injury is the hardest to help a patient recover and why?
6. How can a physical therapist assist a patient who has lost feeling in their leg due to the injury?
7. How does the patient assessment contribute to exercise decisions?
8. How is the patient's recovery tracked?
9. What does a physical therapist do when the patient no longer wants to participate?
10. Can the process of recovery be sped up, how so?

Blog 11: Mentorship 10 Hours Check

Content:
1. Where are you doing your mentorship?
I am doing my mentorship at Emeritus Senior Living.

2. Who is your contact?
My contact is Emily Sevilla, which is my mentor.

3. How many total hours have you done?
I have done a total of 72 Hours, including the 10 hours that were required over the summer.

4. Summarize the 10 hours of service you did.
I followed my mentor around the facility either walking with patients or doing exercises with the patients. I picked up equipment in the gym and gave my mentor any equipment that was needed.

Blog 10: Senior Project: The Holiday

Content:
1. Is it important to consistently work on your senior project, whether it is break or we are in school. What did you do over the break with your senior project?
Over winter break I took advantage of all the free time I had available by going to my mentorship as much as I could. My mentor only works at the facility, Tuesdays and Thursdays, so I was only able to go 4 days during winter break. I got 15 hours done during winter break, completing the 50 required mentorship hours but I will continue to attend because it has been a great experience for me.

2. What was the most important thing you learned from what you did and why? What was the source of what you learned?
The most important thing I learned from going into mentorship for a longer period of time, was that in order to increase the participation of patients was by keeping them engaged in the activity/exercise. If the patient is put to do an activity/exercise for an extensive amount of time, they become bored of it and stop working to their full potential. Having little breaks during activities/exercises, having a small conversation with the patient, or explaining to the patient how the activity/exercise is helping them made them participate to their full potential and participate. The source of what I learned was from my mentor Emily Sevilla and the hands on time I had to work with the patients.

3. If you were going to do a 10 question interview on questions related to answers of your EQ, who would you talk to and why?
I would talk to Anna, who is the supervisor of all the physical therapist at the facility and is a physical therapist. She has worked at that facility for several years and works with patients on the daily bases.